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The following is a chronological list of rulers of Monaco. Most belong to the House of Grimaldi; exceptions, which consist primarily of the principality's administrators under periods of foreign occupation, are noted.
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Name | Portrait | Reign start | Reign end | Notes |
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François Grimaldi | January 8, 12971 | Though François seized the Rock, he was never ruler of Monaco. | ||
Rainier I, Lord of Cagnes | January 8, 1297 | April 10, 1301 | François's cousin1 | |
Under Genoese control from April 10, 1301 to September 12, 1331 | ||||
Lords of Monaco (French: Seigneurs de Monaco) | ||||
Charles I | September 12, 1331 | August 15, 1357 | Joint rulers from June 29, 1352 to August 15, 1357 | |
Antonio | June 29, 1352 | |||
Rainier II | ||||
Gabriel | ||||
Under Genoese control from August 15, 1357 to January 1395 | ||||
Louis | January 1395 | December 19, 1395 | First of two reigns2; jointly with Jean I | |
Jean I | First of three reigns3; jointly with Louis | |||
Under Genoese control from December 19, 1395 to May 11, 1397 | ||||
Louis | May 11, 1397 | November 5, 1402 | Second of two reigns | |
Under Genoese control from November 5, 1402 to June 5, 1419 | ||||
Ambroise of Menton | June 5, 1419 | 1427 | Jointly with Antonie and Jean I | |
Antonie of Roquebrune | Jointly with Ambroise and Jean I | |||
Jean I | October 3, 1436 | Second of three reigns3; jointly with Ambroise and Antonie | ||
Occupied by the Duchy of Milan under the governorship of Biagio Assereto from October 3, 1436 to November 1436 | ||||
Jean I | November 1436 | May 8, 1454 | Third of three reigns | |
Catalan | May 8, 1454 | July 1457 | ||
Claudine | July 1457 | March 16, 1458 | ||
Pomellina Fregoso | July 1457 | March 16, 1458 | Regent for Lady Claudine | |
Lamberto | March 16, 1458 | March 1494 | ||
Jean II | March 1494 | October 11, 1505 | Murdered by his brother, Lucien | |
Lucien | October 11, 1505 | August 22, 1523 | Assassinated by his nephew, Bartholomew Doria of Dolceacqua | |
Honoré I | August 22, 1523 | October 7, 1581 | ||
Augustine Grimaldi | August 22, 1523 | April 14, 1532 | Regent for Honoré I | |
Nicholas Grimaldi | April 14, 1532 | April 23, 1532 | ||
Étienne Grimaldi | April 23, 1532 | December 16, 1540 | ||
Charles II | October 7, 1581 | May 17, 1589 | ||
Hercule | May 17, 1589 | November 29, 1604 | Murdered | |
Honoré II | November 29, 1604 | January 10, 1662 | Though he started his rule as Lord of Monaco, Honoré II later became the first Prince of Monaco4. | |
Prince Francis Landi of Valdetare | November 29, 1604 | 1616 | Regent for Honoré II |
Name | Portrait | Reign start | Reign end | Notes |
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Princes of Monaco (French: Princes de Monaco) | ||||
Honoré II | November 29, 1604 | January 10, 1662 | Though he started his rule as the last Lord of Monaco, Honoré II later became Prince of Monaco4. His independent sovereignty was first recognized by Spain in 1633 and by France in 1641.[1] | |
Louis I | January 10, 1662 | January 2, 1701 | Louis I is not to be confused with Louis, an earlier Lord of Monaco2. | |
Antonio I | January 2, 1701 | February 20, 1731 | ||
Louise Hippolyte | February 26, 1731 | December 29, 1731 | ||
Count Jacques Goyon de Matignon of Thorigny | February 20, 1731 | December 29, 1731 | Regent for Louise Hippolyte until her death | |
Jacques I | December 29, 1731 | November 7, 1733 | Left the country on May 20, 1732. Abdicated | |
Honoré III | November 7, 1733 | January 19, 1793 | ||
Antoine, Chevalier de Grimaldi | May 20, 1732 | November 28, 1784 | Regent for Jacques I until his abdication, then for Honoré III | |
National Convention | January 19, 1793 | February 24, 1793 | President: Joseph Barriera |
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Annexed by France on February 24, 1793; under French occupation until May 17, 1814 | ||||
Armand Louis de Gontaut | February 24, 1793 | March 1, 1793 | French commandant | |
Henri Grégoire | March 1, 1793 | French commissioners | ||
Grégoire Marie Jagot | ||||
Under allied occupation from May 17, 1814 to June 17, 1814 | ||||
Honoré IV | May 30, 1814 | February 16, 1819 | ||
Joseph Grimaldi | June 17, 1814 | June 23, 1814 | Regent for Honoré IV | |
State Council of Monaco | June 23, 1814 | March 4, 1819 | Ruled on behalf of Honoré IV. Members: Louis Millo-Terrazzani Horace Pretti de Saint-Ambroise Antoine Sigaldi Joseph Rey Honoré Albini |
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Honoré Grimaldi | March 3, 1815 | February 16, 1819 | Regent for his father Honoré IV in his old age; became Honoré V upon his father's death | |
Honoré V | February 16, 1819 | October 2, 1841 | ||
Florestan I | October 2, 1841 | June 20, 1856 | ||
Charles III | June 20, 1856 | September 10, 1889 | ||
Albert I | September 10, 1889 | June 26, 1922 | ||
Louis II | June 26, 1922 | May 9, 1949 | ||
Rainier III | May 9, 1949 | April 6, 2005 | ||
Prince Albert, Marquis of Baux | March 31, 2005 | April 6, 2005 | The Crown Council of Monaco named Albert Regent for his father Rainier III while incapacitated; became Albert II upon his father's death | |
Albert II | April 6, 2005 | Present |
History of Monaco | |
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This article is part of a series |
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Rock of Monaco | |
House of Grimaldi (List of rulers) |
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Franco-Monegasque Treaty | |
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